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测试与分析 谢卓立 等·具有电磁屏蔽效能的导热塑料的研究进展

合材料，结果表明，当 LMPA 的体积分数为 50% 时， Manufacturing, 2021, 149:106 574.
复合材料的 EMI SE 和 TC 分别达到了 68.79 dB 和 6.38 [6] TAN X, LIU T, ZHOU W, et al. Enhanced Electromagnetic
Shielding and Thermal Conductive Properties of Polyolefin
W/(mk)。张萍 [24] 通过聚多巴胺（PDA）和葡萄糖在 Composites with a Ti 3 C 2 Tx MXene/Graphene Framework
PVDF 微球表面还原银离子，制备了 PVDF@PDA@ Connected by a Hydrogen-Bonded Interface[J]. ACS nano,
Ag 微球，并通过热压工艺制备了 PVDF@PDA@Ag/ 2022, 16(6):9 254-9 266.
[7] RAAGUL AN K, BRAVE E NT H R, KIM BM, e t a l .
LMPA 复合材料，结果表明，在银界面层的协同作用 An effective utilization of MXene and its effect on
下，热压加工中流动的 LMPA 定向包覆在微球表面， electromagnetic interference shielding: flexible, free-
形成了隔离结构，提升了复合材料的导热性能、降低 standing and thermally conductive composite from MXene–
PAT–poly(p-aminophenol)–polyaniline co-polymer[J]. RSC
了复合材料的线膨胀系数，且当 LMPA 的体积分数为
Advances, 2020, 10(3):1 613-1 633.
10% 时，复合材料的 EMI SE 和 TC 分别达到了 48.1 [8] JIN X, WANG J, DAI L, et al. Flame-retardant poly(vinyl
dB 和 1.79 W/(mk)。 alcohol)/MXene multilayered films with outstanding
electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal
conductive performances[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,
4 结语 2020, 380:122 475.
目前，对具有电磁屏蔽效能的导热塑料的研究还 [9] Naguib M, Mashtalir O, Carle J, et al. Two-Dimensional
Transition Metal Carbides [J]. ACS nano, 2012, 6(2):1 322-
处于发展阶段，未广泛应用在生活中，一是因为制造
1 331.
工艺复杂、成本高 ；二是填料的增加会导致材料力学 [10] ZHANG Y, RUAN K, GU J, et al. Flexible Sandwich-
性能、加工性能降低。但是，随着 5G 时代的来临， Structured Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Nanocomposite Films with Excellent Thermal Conductivities
电磁屏蔽 / 导热材料需求的增加，工艺技术的不断升
[J]. Small, 2021, 17(42):2101951.
级，国内相关产业链公司也将迎来新的增长机遇。未 [11] ZHANG Y, RUAN K, ZHOU K, et al. Controlled Distributed
来具有电磁屏蔽效能的导热材料在满足市场多重性能 Ti 3 C 2 Tx Hollow Microspheres on Thermally Conductive
的前提下会向轻量化方向发展，同时也会以危害较低 Polyimide Composite Films for Excellent Electromagnetic
Interference Shielding[J]. Advanced materials (Deerfield
的吸收损耗为主，减少反射损耗，创造出更加经济环
Beach, Fla.), 2023, 35(16).
保的电磁屏蔽 / 导热材料。 [12] Z HANG Y, TANG S, Z HANG Q, e t a l . Const ruc t i ng
interconnected asymmetric conductive network in TPU
fibrous film: Achieving low-reflection electromagnetic
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multifunctional electromagnetic interference shielding Carbon, 2023, 206:37-44.
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Technology, 2023, 134:106-131. network enabled effective electromagnetic shielding
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p o l y m e r - b a se d c o m p o si t e s: f u n d a m e n t a l s p r o g r e ss thermal conductivity[J]. Composites Part A, 2019, 117:56-
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10(39):14 399-14 430. interference shielding, joule heating, thermal conductivity,
[3] LI Y, ZHANG D, ZHOU B, et al. Synergistically enhancing and anti-dripping performances of polyoxymethylene with
electromagnetic interference shielding performance and uniform distribution and high content of carbon-based
thermal conductivity of polyvinylidene fluoride-based nanofillers[J].Composites Science and Technology, 2021,
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A, 2022, 157:106 945. [15] PENG Z, LV Q, JING J, et al. FDM-3D printing LLDPE/
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the interleaved carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites high-efficiency thermal conductivity and electromagnetic
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and Reduced Graphene Oxide Assembled on PMMA Bead of thermal conductivity and EMI shielding performance in
Core towards Tunable Thermoconductive and EMI Shielding PEI composites via constructing 3D microscopic continuous
Nanocomposites[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and filler network[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical

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2024 第 50 卷 ·49·