Page 61 - 《橡塑技术与装备》英文版2026年2期

INTELLIGENT AND DIGITAL APPLICATIONS

learning capabilities and autonomy. In 2023, Tesla developed Humanoid robotics is a new industry, and the application
the Optimus series of humanoid robots for rapid iteration. of engineering plastics is comprehensively considered from
Based on AI technology and FDS (full self-driving) chips, usage perspectives. Combination of lightweight and high
it achieves task-level and action-level decision-making, as strength: It is necessary to ensure structural stability while
well as recognition of objects, faces, gestures, etc. in complex reducing the robot's self-weight. The materials should meet
environments through an end-to-end neural network model. the strength requirements of humanoid robots and also be
Its full-body pressure calculation and feedback mechanism lightweight. Wear resistance and corrosion resistance: Moving
enable the robot's limbs to move flexibly, smoothly, and parts such as joints and gears should withstand long-term
naturally. Humanoid robots have gone through four stages: friction. The materials should have good wear resistance
early exploration, integrated development, high-dynamic and corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments.
development, and now the intelligent development stage. As Temperature resistance and insulation: Materials surrounding
an integrated platform that integrates cutting-edge technologies motors and electronic components should be resistant to
from artificial intelligence, robotics, control engineering, high temperatures and provide insulation. Materials with
and material science, humanoid robots are rapidly becoming high fluidity and dimensional stability are used for precision
an important research direction in the fields of intelligent electrical components in high-temperature electrical insulation
manufacturing and human-robot collaboration. scenarios. Flexibility and bionic adaptation: Skin and flexible
1.2 Basic components of humanoid robots parts need to simulate human touch. Silicone and thermoplastic

Humanoid robots are complex systems that integrate elastomers are used for soft touch parts and bionic skin.
multiple fields of technology, including mechanical design, Common engineering plastics used in humanoid robots include
sensing technology, and control algorithms. They can be polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI), nylon (PA),
divided into three core components: the body hardware, the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), PC/ABS alloy, liquid crystal
control system, and the perception and interaction module. polymer (LCP), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
These components work together to achieve human-like (UHMW-PE), etc. According to value ratio predictions, PEEK
movement and intelligent interaction capabilities. and composite materials account for 45%, electronic-grade
Hardware serves as the carrier for robots to execute specialty plastics PPS and LCP account for 30%, engineering
physical actions, encompassing mechanical structures, plastics PA and PC/ABS account for 20%, and other materials
drive systems, and crucial components. It must adhere to such as PI and UHMW-PE account for 5%.
the demands of high degrees of freedom, lightweight, and
durability. The hardware is segmented into the head, torso, 2 Application of engineering plastics in
limbs (upper and lower limbs), and end effectors. Servo motors humanoid robots
are employed as drivers, and in high-precision scenarios, 2.1 PEEK
harmonic reducers are integrated to ensure precision in joint Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a polymer composed
movement and torque output. The control system is tasked of repeating units containing two ether bonds and one ketone
with interpreting environmental information, planning motion bond in its main chain structure. It is a material series of
paths, and driving the executing mechanisms, constituting the polyaryletherketones, featuring semi-crystalline characteristics
core of robot intelligence. The perception module achieves and possessing properties such as high temperature resistance
environmental cognition through multi-sensor fusion, while the and chemical corrosion resistance. PEEK is an excellent
interaction system facilitates human-robot collaboration and special engineering plastic, with advantages such as high
remote operation, serving as a pivotal component for robots to temperature resistance, excellent mechanical properties, good
adapt to intricate scenarios. self-lubricity, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy,
1.3 Introduction to plastics used in humanoid peel resistance, radiation resistance, stable insulation,
robots hydrolysis resistance, and easy processing. PEEK is widely

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